b12 benefits

The term vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is used in a couple different ways. Vitamin B12, a member of the B-vitamin family, is a term used collectively to represent a group of cobalt-containing compounds known as corrinoids. The principal cobalamins are cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and the two coenzyme forms of vitamin B12, methylcobalamin, and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (adenosylcobalamin). However, the term vitamin B12 is usually used to refer to only one of these forms, cyanocobalamin, which is used to fortify foods and nutritional supplements.

Similar to all B-complex vitamins, vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin required for normal cell activity, DNA replication, and the synthesis of the mood-influencing substance SAMe. In combination with folic acid and vitamin B6 vitamin B12 serves to control homocysteine levels. Excessive amounts of homocysteine may increase the risk of stroke, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease.

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